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Male Fertility Treatments

Male Fertility Treatment

While infertility is often associated with female reproductive issues, approximately half of all infertility cases are due to problems on the male side. Since sperm health is crucial for conception, it is important to have your sperm evaluated if you are facing challenges with infertility. Fortunately, many causes of male infertility are treatable.

Couples dealing with infertility due to issues with sperm count or function may find success with treatments like intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF). In an IUI cycle, the woman usually takes fertility medications to stimulate the development of multiple eggs in a single cycle, which can be effective when there is a mild abnormality in sperm count. However, if there is severe impairment in sperm count, motility, or morphology, IVF is often the most suitable treatment option.

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Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)

ICSI has revolutionized the treatment of male infertility. Even men who have no sperm in their ejaculate may achieve pregnancy with this technique. In such cases, a urologist can extract sperm directly from the epididymis or testicle for use in IVF. During ICSI, a specialized glass needle is used to inject a single healthy sperm directly into the egg's cytoplasm under the guidance of a microscope. The success rate of this procedure varies across IVF programs and is highly dependent on the skill of the embryologist performing it.

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Candidates for ICSI include men with:

  • Severely compromised sperm parameters, such as low concentration, poor motility, abnormal morphology, or antisperm antibodies.

  • Blockage or absence of the vas deferens, where sperm is surgically retrieved through procedures like microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) or testicular biopsy for ICSI.

  • Previous low or failed fertilization in prior IVF attempts.

  • Unexplained infertility after all diagnostic tests have been completed. Our IVF success rates with ICSI are comparable to those of couples without male factor infertility who do not require ICSI.

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Sperm Retrieval

When sperm cannot be obtained through ejaculation, several procedures can be performed by a urologist to safely retrieve healthy sperm from the testes or epididymis (the tube that connects the testicle to the vas deferens).

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Types of Sperm Retrieval

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Depending on your specific situation and diagnosis, your doctor will recommend the most appropriate method of sperm retrieval. Examples of sperm retrieval procedures include:

  • Testicular Sperm Aspiration (TESA): A procedure where a fine needle and syringe are used to extract sperm directly from the testicles. This is done under local anesthesia and takes about 20-30 minutes. TESA is suitable for men who have had a vasectomy or those who cannot produce sperm in their ejaculate but are producing sperm in their testicles.

  • Testicular Sperm Extraction (TESE): A surgical procedure where a small incision is made in the scrotum to remove a portion of testicular tissue and extract viable sperm. TESE is often performed in a urologist’s office with a nerve block or under anesthesia in a surgical center.

  • Microsurgical Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (MESA): A minimally invasive procedure that involves making a small incision to access the epididymis and using a microscope to retrieve sperm from the epididymal tubes. MESA is performed under general anesthesia by a highly skilled microsurgeon.

  • Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (PESA): A procedure where a needle attached to a syringe is inserted into the epididymis to gently remove fluid. PESA is performed under local or general anesthesia and is an option for men with obstructive azoospermia.

  • Microsurgical Testicular Sperm Extraction (Micro-TESE): A procedure involving a small incision in the outer covering of the testicle, which is then opened to examine the inside for areas likely producing sperm. This technique is done by a urologist trained in microsurgery.

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Using Retrieved Sperm in IVF with ICSI

Once sperm is retrieved through these procedures, the sperm cells are prepared and can be directly injected into the egg via intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The resulting viable embryos can then be transferred to the female partner’s uterus.

Donor Sperm

For couples diagnosed with severe male factor infertility or when the male partner carries a genetic condition and does not plan to pursue preimplantation genetic testing, donor sperm is an option. Donor sperm can be used for IUI or in vitro fertilization.

  • What is the success rate of IVF for women over 40 using their own eggs?
    The success rate of IVF using your own eggs decreases as you age. By the time a woman is over 40, the success rates typically range from 15% to 20% per cycle, primarily due to diminished egg quality and quantity.
  • How does egg donor IVF increase success rates for women over 40?
    Egg donor IVF uses eggs from younger donors, generally under 35, where egg quality and fertility are higher. This significantly increases the chances of success, with success rates often exceeding 50% per cycle, depending on individual health factors and the specific protocols used.
  • What is involved in the embryo transfer process for women over 40?
    The embryo transfer process is a gentle procedure that does not require sedation. It involves placing the embryo into the uterus using a thin catheter, guided by ultrasound to ensure optimal placement. The process is quick and typically pain-free.
  • Can lifestyle changes improve my chances of success with IVF over 40?
    Yes, lifestyle factors such as maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, reducing stress, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol can improve the overall success of IVF, even in women over 40.
  • What is PGT-A and how do they assist in IVF over 40?
    PGT-A (Pre-implantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidies) screens embryos for chromosomal abnormalities, ensuring only healthy embryos are transferred.
  • Are there specific risks associated with pregnancy over 40?
    Yes, pregnancies in women over 40 have a higher risk of complications such as gestational diabetes, hypertension and pre-eclampsia, as well as increased chances of chromosomal abnormalities in the baby. Comprehensive prenatal care is essential to manage these risks.
  • What support services does Nicosia Fertility offer for women over 40 undergoing fertility treatments?
    Nicosia Fertility provides comprehensive support services including counseling, access to supportive communities through forums, and detailed guidance throughout your treatment process. Our aim is to ensure you feel supported emotionally and physically during your fertility journey.
  • What makes Nicosia Fertility different from other clinics?
    Nicosia Fertility is known for its personalized care and high success rates, supported by advanced technology and a comprehensive range of treatment options.
  • How successful is IVF at Nicosia Fertility?
    Our success rates are among the highest, thanks to our tailored treatments and expert team. Specific rates vary by individual circumstances and are available for consultation.
  • Are there alternatives to IVF for those with less severe fertility issues?
    Yes, treatments such as IUI are available and can be effective for less complex fertility issues.
  • Can I use donor eggs or sperm at Nicosia Fertility?
    Absolutely. We offer both donor egg and sperm programs to suit diverse needs and circumstances.
  • What is the typical duration of an IVF cycle at Nicosia Fertility?
    An IVF cycle typically spans 4-6 weeks from consultation to embryo transfer, depending on individual response to treatment.
  • What is ICSI and when is it recommended?
    ICSI is a procedure used in conjunction with IVF to help fertilize the egg when sperm quality or quantity is a concern.
  • How do you ensure the quality of your laboratory procedures?
    Our laboratory is equipped with the latest technology, and our procedures are overseen by experienced embryologists to ensure the highest quality and care.
  • What support services are available during treatment?
    We offer comprehensive support services including counseling, medication tutorials, and personalized care coordination to support you throughout your fertility journey.
  • What are the success rates for IVF at Nicosia Fertility?
    Success rates vary by age and specific health conditions. But Nicosia Fertility consistently meets or exceeds national success averages.
  • How many IVF cycles can one undergo?
    There is no strict limit but generally a few cycles are recommended. Each case is re-evaluated after each cycle to adjust the treatment plan as needed.
  • What are the main risks associated with IVF?
    While IVF is generally safe, risks include ovarian hyperstimulation, procedural complications, and the emotional and physical toll of multiple cycles.
  • Can I resume normal activities during IVF treatment?
    Post-procedure, normal activities can be resumed relatively quickly, though high-impact activities should be avoided during treatment.
  • How is the embryo transfer performed?
    Embryo transfer is a gentle procedure that does not require anesthesia, involving the placement of embryos into the uterus through a thin catheter.
  • What happens to extra embryos?
    Surplus quality embryos can be cryopreserved for future use, offering opportunities for additional cycles without undergoing stimulation and retrieval again.
  • How is egg retrieval performed?
    Egg retrieval is done under sedation using a needle guided by ultrasound, making it a low-pain and brief procedure.
  • What should I do to prepare for an IVF cycle?
    Preparation includes initial consultations, fertility testing, and a preconception plan which may involve lifestyle adjustments and starting specific medications.
  • How does Nicosia Fertility ensure the highest standards of care?
    Our clinic is staffed with experienced medical professionals and accredited internationally. We follow rigorous protocols, regularly update our technology, and customize treatment plans for each patient.
  • What treatments are available at Nicosia Fertility?
    We offer a range of treatments including IVF, ICSI, genetic testing, egg/sperm donation, fertility assessments, and cryopreservation. All treatments are tailored to individual needs.
  • What support services do you offer international patients?
    Our multilingual team provides comprehensive travel, accommodation, and visa assistance to ensure a smooth, stress-free experience for all our international patients.
  • Are your treatments affordable?
    Yes, we offer transparent and competitive pricing, providing high-quality treatments at a fraction of the cost compared to other regions.
  • How do I know if I need genetic testing?
    Genetic testing is recommended for patients with a family history of genetic disorders or those undergoing repeated IVF failures. Our experts will advise you on the best testing options after a thorough consultation.
  • Do you offer psychological support during treatment?
    Yes, psychological support is a core part of our comprehensive care, helping you manage the emotional aspects of fertility treatments.
  • Can you treat patients with special conditions?
    We specialize in handling complex fertility cases. Our experts will assess your health status and create a personalized plan that aligns with your needs.
  • Is there an age limit for treatments?
    While we have a recommended age limit, our specialists evaluate each case based on overall health and fitness for pregnancy, offering treatments accordingly.
  • How can diet affect fertility?
    A nutritious diet rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants plays a crucial role in enhancing fertility by supporting hormonal balance and reproductive health.
  • What supplements should I consider for improving fertility?
    Folic acid is vital for both partners. Men should consider supplements like zinc and selenium to enhance sperm quality, while women benefit from vitamin D and calcium for reproductive health.
  • Can lifestyle really influence fertility?
    Absolutely. Factors such as diet, exercise, and stress levels directly impact hormonal health and fertility.
  • Is there a connection between weight and fertility?
    Yes, both being underweight and overweight can adversely affect fertility by disrupting hormonal levels and ovulation.
  • How does smoking affect fertility?
    Smoking decreases fertility in both men and women by affecting hormone production, egg and sperm quality, and can even lead to fertility issues.
  • Why is it important to manage caffeine intake?
    High levels of caffeine consumption have been linked to fertility issues such as reduced sperm count and decreased ovulation.
  • What are the best ways to reduce stress when trying to conceive?
    Engaging in regular physical activity, practicing mindfulness and relaxation techniques, and seeking professional counseling can effectively reduce stress.
  • How can alcohol affect my fertility?
    Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to decreased sperm quality in men and ovulation issues in women.
  • What is fertility preservation?
    Fertility preservation is the process of saving or protecting eggs, sperm, or reproductive tissue so that a person can use them to have biological children in the future.
  • Who should consider fertility preservation?
    Anyone who wishes to delay childbirth, is facing medical treatments that could affect their fertility, or is undergoing gender transition may consider this option.
  • What are the common methods of fertility preservation?
    The most common methods include egg freezing, sperm freezing, embryo freezing, and the preservation of reproductive tissues.
  • What is vitrification?
    Vitrification is a fast-freezing process that minimizes ice crystal formation, significantly improving the survival rate of thawed eggs and embryos.
  • Can fertility preservation affect the quality of eggs or sperm?
    Modern freezing techniques have been refined to ensure that the quality and viability of eggs and sperm are maintained effectively.
  • What are the success rates of fertility preservation?
    Success rates depend on various factors, including age at the time of preservation and the specific method used. Vitrification has notably high success rates in preserving egg and embryo viability.
  • How do I start the fertility preservation process at Nicosia Fertility?
    To begin, contact our new patient inquiry team to schedule an initial consultation. We will guide you through the process, from initial assessments through to the preservation procedure.
  • What qualifies as recurrent miscarriage?
    Recurrent miscarriage is defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses before the 24th week of gestation.
  • What are the primary causes of recurrent miscarriage at Nicosia Fertility?
    The main causes include genetic abnormalities, uterine and endometrial health issues, immune system dysfunctions, and hormonal imbalances.
  • How does Nicosia Fertility diagnose recurrent miscarriage?
    We employ a two-tiered diagnostic approach: initial basic assessments and advanced testing for complex issues.
  • What innovative treatments are available for recurrent miscarriage?
    Treatments range from surgical interventions to address anatomical issues, hormonal therapies for endocrine disorders, and IVF with PGT-A for genetic concerns.
  • Can the uterine shape impact pregnancy success?
    Yes, abnormalities like a septate uterus can significantly hinder embryo implantation and pregnancy sustainability.
  • How are genetic factors involved in recurrent miscarriage managed?
    We utilize PGT-A during IVF cycles to ensure the transfer of genetically normal embryos, significantly reducing the risk of miscarriage.
  • What support is available for couples experiencing recurrent miscarriage?
    Nicosia Fertility offers comprehensive support including psychological counseling to help couples cope with the emotional stress of recurrent losses.
  • What steps are taken if no specific cause is identified?
    If no definitive cause is found, we may recommend general supportive treatments or empiric therapies tailored to the couple’s specific situation and past pregnancy history. At Nicosia Fertility, we are dedicated to providing you with the highest level of care and support as you navigate the challenges of recurrent miscarriage. We are here to help you achieve your dream of parenthood through personalized treatment plans and cutting-edge medical interventions.
  • What can I expect during the initial consultation?
    The consultation includes a thorough review of your medical and reproductive history, a discussion of your fertility goals, and the planning of initial tests.
  • Who should attend the initial consultation?
    We recommend that partners attend together to fully understand the fertility process and support each other. Single individuals may bring a friend or family member for support.
  • What should I bring to my initial consultation?
    Bring any relevant medical records, a list of medications, and any questions you have about fertility treatment.
  • How long does the initial consultation last?
    Typically, the consultation lasts about one to two hours, depending on the complexity of your case.
  • Is there a way to prepare for the consultation?
    Yes, documenting your medical history, menstrual cycle details, previous fertility treatments, and preparing questions can help maximize the time spent with your fertility specialist.
  • What if I'm feeling overwhelmed about starting treatment?
    It's normal to feel overwhelmed. Our team is here to support you emotionally and provide clear, understandable information to help ease your concerns.
  • Can lifestyle changes impact the success of fertility treatments?
    Yes, lifestyle factors like diet, exercise, smoking cessation, and stress reduction can positively affect treatment outcomes.
  • How soon after the consultation can treatment begin?
    Treatment timelines vary based on individual assessments and any required preliminary tests. Typically, treatment can start within a few weeks of the initial consultation.
  • What is the most frequent cause of male infertility?
    The most common issues are related to sperm production—either a lack of sperm, poor sperm quality, or both.
  • How is male infertility diagnosed?
    Diagnosis typically begins with a semen analysis to evaluate sperm characteristics, followed by genetic tests and hormonal evaluations as needed.
  • Can lifestyle changes improve male fertility?
    Yes, lifestyle modifications such as quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake, managing stress, and maintaining a healthy weight can improve fertility.
  • What treatments are available for male infertility?
    Treatment options vary based on the underlying cause but may include medication, surgery (e.g., for varicocele repair), or assisted reproductive technologies like ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection).
  • Is male infertility a common problem?
    Yes, male infertility is a common issue and is responsible for about 50% of all infertility cases among couples.
  • Can male infertility be cured?
    While not all causes can be 'cured,' many can be effectively managed or treated with medical interventions.
  • At what age does male fertility begin to decline?
    Although men can remain fertile for much longer than women, male fertility gradually begins to decline after the age of 40.
  • Should I see a specialist for male infertility?
    Yes, if you suspect male infertility or have been trying to conceive without success for a year (or six months if the female partner is over 35), consulting a fertility specialist is advised.
  • Why undergo fertility testing?
    Fertility testing is crucial for evaluating reproductive health, identifying any impediments to conception, and laying the groundwork for informed treatment planning.
  • What's included in a basic fertility assessment?
    Basic assessments typically involve checking height, weight, BMI, blood pressure, reviewing medical and lifestyle histories, semen analysis for men, and ovulation and ovarian reserve assessments for women.
  • How do advanced fertility diagnostics help?
    Advanced diagnostics provide deeper insights into complex issues like sperm DNA damage or chromosomal irregularities, guiding more targeted and effective treatment strategies.
  • What support is available during fertility testing?
    From the outset, our team offers comprehensive support, ensuring you feel informed, cared for, and supported throughout the diagnostic and treatment process.
  • Where can I access fertility testing in Nicosia, Cyprus?
    Our fertility clinic in Nicosia, Cyprus, provides a convenient and welcoming setting for all your fertility evaluation needs, ensuring you can begin your journey toward parenthood with confidence.
  • What if we've had unsuccessful IVF attempts or recurrent miscarriages?
    Our sophisticated fertility testing can uncover underlying causes, enabling us to tailor a more precise and potentially successful treatment approach. Choosing to undertake a fertility evaluation at our clinic in Nicosia, Cyprus, signifies a proactive step towards realizing your parenting aspirations. Our dedicated team is here to offer the insights, care and support you need to navigate this journey.
  • What initiates the male fertility assessment process?
    The process begins with a detailed consultation to understand your medical and reproductive history, followed by a physical examination focusing on the reproductive organs. Semen analysis is a critical next step, providing essential information about sperm health. Based on initial findings, we may recommend additional specialized tests to thoroughly understand your fertility status.
  • How can lifestyle affect fertility?
    Lifestyle factors play a significant role in male fertility. Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can lead to reduced sperm count and motility. Obesity can alter hormone levels, further impacting sperm production. Stress can affect libido and sexual function, while lack of exercise may contribute to obesity and poor overall health. Positive changes in these areas can significantly improve fertility outcomes.
  • What does semen analysis reveal?
    Semen analysis evaluates several important aspects of sperm health, including the concentration (count), motility (movement), morphology (shape), and volume of the ejaculate. This comprehensive assessment helps identify potential issues with sperm that could hinder conception, serving as a foundation for further investigation or treatment recommendations.
  • Why are hormonal evaluations important?
    Hormones regulate virtually every aspect of reproduction, from sperm production to sexual function. Evaluating hormone levels, including testosterone, FSH, LH, prolactin, and TSH, helps identify imbalances that may contribute to infertility. Correcting these imbalances can lead to improved fertility.
  • What are the implications of genetic screening?
    Genetic screening can detect conditions that affect fertility and the health of future offspring, such as Y-chromosome microdeletions and Klinefelter syndrome. Understanding genetic risks allows couples to make informed decisions about their reproductive options, including the use of assisted reproductive technologies or donor sperm.
  • Can STDs affect male fertility?
    Yes, sexually transmitted infections can cause inflammation and scarring in the reproductive tract, leading to decreased sperm quality and motility. Early detection and treatment of STDs are crucial for preserving fertility.
  • What does a scrotal ultrasound detect?
    A scrotal ultrasound can identify physical conditions affecting the testicles and surrounding structures, such as varicoceles, testicular masses or blockages. These conditions can impact sperm production and overall fertility, making ultrasound a valuable tool in fertility assessment.
  • What steps are taken if sperm DNA damage is discovered?
    If significant sperm DNA damage is identified, we explore potential causes and treatments, including lifestyle modifications, antioxidant therapy, or assisted reproductive technologies like IVF with ICSI. In some cases, further genetic testing or counseling may be recommended.
  • When should you consider male fertility testing?
    Male fertility testing is recommended if you've been trying to conceive for over a year without success, or sooner if there are known issues that could impact fertility. It's also advised for men with a history of urological issues, previous surgeries, or exposure to toxins.
  • How does weight influence fertility?
    Being overweight or obese can negatively affect hormone levels and sperm production. Excess weight can also increase the risk of erectile dysfunction and other health conditions that impair fertility. Achieving a healthy weight through diet and exercise can improve fertility.
  • What role does age play in male fertility?
    While men can remain fertile longer than women, age can still affect sperm quality and increase the risk of genetic abnormalities in offspring. Older men considering fatherhood may benefit from a fertility assessment and counseling on potential risks.
  • Is sperm freezing a viable option?
    Sperm freezing is an effective way to preserve fertility for men facing age-related fertility decline, medical treatments like chemotherapy, or surgeries that could impact fertility. It offers a way to store sperm until you're ready to pursue parenthood.
  • What should I expect during my first fertility consultation?
    Your initial consultation involves an in-depth discussion of your health history, including menstrual cycle, past illnesses, surgeries, allergies, and current medications. This step is crucial for crafting a tailored fertility treatment plan.
  • How crucial is an ultrasound in evaluating fertility?
    Ultrasounds play a pivotal role by providing detailed images of the uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes, helping identify potential barriers to natural conception.
  • Why is cervical screening necessary before beginning fertility treatments?
    Screening for STIs such as chlamydia is essential, as untreated infections can impede successful pregnancy outcomes.
  • What insights do blood tests offer in a fertility evaluation?
    Comprehensive blood work assesses overall health, hormonal balances, and key fertility markers like AMH levels, aiding in pinpointing the root causes of fertility challenges.
  • What is the importance of testing fallopian tube patency?
    This test determines if the fallopian tubes are clear and unblocked, which is vital for egg transportation and natural conception.
  • How do immunological factors impact fertility?
    Immunological testing identifies reactions that may prevent pregnancy or cause miscarriages, including autoimmune disease detection.
  • When is it advised to undergo genetic testing?
    Genetic testing is recommended for individuals with a family history of genetic disorders, recurrent miscarriages, or difficulties in conceiving, in order to uncover any genetic barriers to pregnancy.
  • What encompasses a complete fertility check-up?
    A fertility check-up typically includes an AMH test to assess ovarian reserve and an ultrasound to inspect the reproductive organs, offering a thorough fertility overview.
  • When is infertility officially diagnosed?
    Infertility diagnosis occurs after one year of unsuccessful conception attempts for those under 35, or six months for women over 35, reflecting the nuanced nature of fertility.
  • Can partners participate in the fertility assessment together?
    Yes, assessments are available for individuals or as a couple, fostering a comprehensive fertility perspective and potential cost savings.
  • How does body mass index (BMI) influence fertility?
    BMI impacts fertility by affecting ovulation; deviations from a healthy range can hinder conception even if ovulation occurs regularly.
  • What role does assessing blood pressure play in fertility treatments?
    Monitoring blood pressure provides insights into overall well-being, which is intricately linked to reproductive health and fertility success.
  • What exactly is Carrier Screening?
    It's a genetic test identifying hidden mutations in healthy individuals that could lead to serious genetic conditions in their offspring.
  • Who should consider Carrier Screening?
    Anyone planning a family, undergoing fertility treatments, or wanting to understand their genetic risk should consider this screening.
  • How is the Carrier Screening performed?
    Through a simple blood test, analyzing your DNA for potential genetic mutations.
  • What genetic conditions does Carrier Screening detect?
    It screens for a wide array of genetic disorders, including but not limited to cystic fibrosis, spinal muscular atrophy, and different forms of thalassemia.
  • What if both partners are carriers?
    If both partners carry the same genetic mutation, there's a significant risk of passing the condition to their children. Various reproductive options, including IVF with genetic testing of embryos, can help prevent disease transmission.
  • Is Carrier Screening safe?
    Yes, it's a non-invasive test with no risk to the mother or fetus, unlike traditional prenatal diagnostic methods.
  • How reliable are the results?
    The screening offers high sensitivity, providing reliable insights into your genetic health and compatibility as a couple.
  • Can Carrier Screening predict all genetic conditions?
    While highly comprehensive, no test can detect all genetic mutations. However, it significantly reduces the risk of many severe genetic disorders.
  • How long does it take to get the results?
    Results are typically available within three months, providing detailed insights into your genetic compatibility and any risks.
  • What steps should be taken if a risk is detected?
    Our team will guide you through the options, including genetic counseling and potential reproductive techniques, to minimize the risk of disease transmission to your children. Carrier Screening is a transformative step in reproductive planning, offering deep insights into genetic risks and empowering you with the knowledge to make informed decisions about your future family. Our clinic is dedicated to providing comprehensive support and advanced genetic testing to help you navigate this important aspect of family planning.
  • How does Carrier Screening fit into the genetic testing process?
    Carrier Screening identifies potential carriers of genetic disorders, helping prospective parents understand their risk of passing these conditions on to their children. This information is crucial for making informed reproductive decisions.
  • What is Pre-implantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy (PGT-A) and how can it help my fertility journey?
    PGT-A is a specialized test conducted during an IVF cycle to assess embryos for chromosomal abnormalities. By ensuring the correct number of chromosomes, it significantly improves the chances of a successful pregnancy and reduces the risk of miscarriage.
  • What is Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) and how does it differ from PGT-A?
    NIPT is a prenatal test that screens for chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus through a simple blood test. Unlike PGT-A, which is done before implantation, NIPT occurs later during pregnancy and complements PGT-A by providing additional insights about fetal health.
  • Why is genetic testing important for fertility treatment?
    Genetic testing helps identify embryos with optimal chromosomal configurations and reveals genetic conditions that could impact a pregnancy. This allows us to select the healthiest embryos for implantation and support families in achieving healthier pregnancies.
  • Can I pursue genetic testing if I don't have any known genetic conditions in my family?
    Yes, genetic testing is beneficial even without a family history of genetic conditions. It provides valuable information about potential risks that might not be apparent and helps guide reproductive decisions for a healthier pregnancy.
  • How do I know if reproductive and genetic testing is right for me?
    Our team will work closely with you to understand your unique situation and goals. Based on your medical history and fertility needs, we'll recommend a personalized testing plan that aligns with your journey to parenthood.
  • What support does Nicosia Fertility offer throughout the testing process?
    We provide comprehensive guidance from start to finish, offering expert advice, interpreting results, and developing tailored treatment plans to support your goal of building a healthy family. Our commitment is to ensure you receive clarity, care, and compassionate support at every step.
  • What makes NIPT different from traditional prenatal testing?
    Unlike traditional methods that can be invasive and carry risks, NIPT is performed with a simple blood draw from the mother, offering a safer and equally reliable insight into the baby's genetic health.
  • How early in pregnancy can NIPT be performed?
    NIPT can be conducted as early as the 10th week of pregnancy, offering early and accurate insights into fetal health.
  • What conditions does NIPT screen for?
    NIPT screens for chromosomal aneuploidies like Trisomy 21, 18, and 13, as well as other chromosomal abnormalities, including sex chromosome anomalies and microdeletions.
  • Is NIPT a diagnostic test?
    NIPT is a screening test, indicating the risk of certain genetic conditions. High-risk results may necessitate further diagnostic testing for confirmation.
  • How accurate is NIPT?
    NIPT has a high sensitivity and specificity, over 99% for common aneuploidies, making it one of the most reliable prenatal screening tests available.
  • Can NIPT detect all genetic conditions?
    While NIPT provides comprehensive screening for many chromosomal conditions, it does not detect all genetic disorders. It is focused on aneuploidies and select microdeletions.
  • What do I do if I receive a high-risk NIPT result?
    A high-risk result should be followed up with additional diagnostic testing, such as amniocentesis, for confirmation.
  • Can NIPT determine the baby's sex?
    Yes, NIPT can accurately determine the sex of the baby as part of the chromosomal analysis.
  • How long does it take to get NIPT results?
    Results are typically available within 3 to 4 working days, thanks to fast and efficient technology.
  • Is NIPT right for me?
    NIPT is recommended for all pregnant women seeking early and accurate screening for common chromosomal conditions. Discussing with your healthcare provider can help determine if NIPT is suitable for your specific circumstances. NIPT represents a significant advancement in prenatal care, providing expecting parents with early, accurate and comprehensive insights into their baby's genetic health with no risk to the pregnancy.
  • What makes PGT-A critical for IVF success?
    By identifying embryos without chromosomal abnormalities, PGT-A significantly increases the likelihood of successful implantation and pregnancy, reducing both the risk of miscarriage and the emotional strain of repeated IVF cycles.
  • How accurate is PGT-A?
    PGT-A boasts up to a 98% accuracy rate in identifying chromosomal abnormalities, making it a pivotal tool in embryo selection.
  • Can PGT-A reduce the time to achieve pregnancy?
    Yes, by ensuring the transfer of only chromosomally healthy embryos, PGT-A can decrease the number of IVF cycles needed to achieve pregnancy.
  • Who should consider PGT-A?
    PGT-A is beneficial for anyone undergoing IVF, especially those over 36, individuals with recurrent miscarriages, or couples with prior unsuccessful IVF attempts.
  • Does PGT-A harm the embryo?
    Modern techniques ensure the biopsy does not harm the embryo’s development, with countless healthy births following PGT-A screened embryos.
  • What happens if an embryo is diagnosed with mosaicism?
    Embryos showing mosaicism, a mix of normal and abnormal cells, require careful consideration. While they may have a lower chance of success, some can still develop into healthy pregnancies. Our team provides comprehensive guidance for such cases. Embracing PGT-A at our clinic in Nicosia, Cyprus, means stepping into a future where genetic insights pave the way for informed, effective fertility treatments. Our dedicated team is here to navigate this advanced journey with you, ensuring the best possible outcomes on your path to parenthood.
  • How do I arrange my airport transfer to North Cyprus?
    Simply inform your patient relations coordinator of your travel details, and we'll handle the rest.
  • Can I choose between Ercan and Larnaca Airports for my arrival?
    Yes, based on your convenience and citizenship, you can choose either airport.
  • How do I identify my driver at the airport?
    Your driver will meet you in the arrivals area, holding a sign with your name or Nicosia Fertility's logo.
  • Can I request transportation for sightseeing purposes?
    Yes, though our complimentary service covers specific routes, additional taxi services can be arranged for sightseeing.
  • What if my flight is delayed?
    Our drivers monitor flight statuses; however, please inform us of any significant delays for rescheduling.
  • How can I request special assistance for mobility or health concerns?
    Please communicate any special needs to your coordinator in advance, and we'll ensure appropriate arrangements.
  • Who do I contact if I have issues with my airport transfer?
    For immediate assistance, contact the patient relations coordinator or the emergency number provided in your welcome packet. At Nicosia Fertility, we strive to make every aspect of your IVF journey as comfortable and stress-free as possible, starting with your arrival in North Cyprus.
  • Do I need a visa for a short visit to North Cyprus for IVF treatment?
    Most European, British, and US citizens don't need a visa for stays up to 90 days. Other nationalities should check specific requirements.
  • How early should I apply for a visa if required?
    It's recommended to apply at least one month before your travel date.
  • Can I receive a visa upon arrival in North Cyprus?
    Yes, for many nationalities, visas can be issued upon arrival for up to 90 days, depending on the purpose of visit and documentation.
  • What documents do I need for a visa application?
    Requirements include a valid passport, proof of sufficient funds, accommodation details, and purpose of visit.
  • Are there specific visas for medical visits like IVF treatments?
    While there's no specific medical visa, tourists or those on short-term visits can access medical treatments within their stay duration.
  • Can I extend my stay beyond the visa period for ongoing treatment?
    For stays beyond 90 days, you'll need to apply for a residence permit.
  • Is it possible to cross from South to North Cyprus?
    Yes, visitors can cross the border at designated checkpoints with the necessary documentation.
  • What if my country requires a pre-arranged visa to enter North Cyprus?
    Nationals from certain countries must apply for a visa beforehand at a TRNC Embassy or Consulate. Nicosia Fertility is dedicated to making your journey as smooth as possible, from visa application to the completion of your treatment. If you have more questions or need assistance with your visa application, our team is here to help.
  • How do accommodations enhance my treatment experience?
    Staying in a stress-free environment, surrounded by natural beauty, positively impacts your wellbeing, contributing to a more successful treatment outcome.
  • Can I customize my accommodation based on location preferences?
    Absolutely. Whether you're drawn to seaside views or the tranquility of mountain landscapes, we’ll help you find the perfect match.
  • Are transportation services available for sightseeing?
    Yes, we arrange transportation for clinic visits and airport transfers. For sightseeing, our coordinators can assist in organizing tours or recommending local transport options.
  • How can I ensure my accommodation caters to special dietary or accessibility needs?
    During your initial consultation with our Patient Coordinator, mention any specific requirements. We ensure our accommodation partners are well-equipped to meet your needs.
  • Is it possible to extend my stay for leisure after my treatment?
    Certainly. Many patients choose to extend their stay to enjoy North Cyprus’s serene beauty. We can assist in extending your accommodation at preferential rates.
  • What attractions should I not miss while in North Cyprus?
    North Cyprus is home to stunning beaches, ancient ruins, and scenic mountains. Don’t miss the chance to visit Kyrenia Harbour, Bellapais Abbey, and the untouched Karpaz Peninsula.
  • Who do I contact if I have concerns during my stay?
    Your dedicated International Patient Coordinator is available throughout your stay to address any concerns or needs that may arise. Nicosia Fertility is more than a treatment center; it's your gateway to a tranquil retreat amidst the unparalleled beauty of North Cyprus. Our commitment extends beyond medical care to ensuring every aspect of your journey, especially your stay, is enveloped in comfort, care, and the captivating allure of the island.
  • How long does the egg freezing process take?
    The timeline can vary depending on the individual, but the egg freezing process typically takes about 6 weeks from start to finish, excluding the initial consultation, testing, and treatment planning.
  • What does the egg freezing process involve?
    The egg freezing process involves three main steps. First, a fertility assessment is conducted, including blood tests and an ultrasound to evaluate your current fertility status. Next, you'll administer medications to stimulate your ovaries to produce as many eggs as possible. Finally, the eggs are retrieved and frozen.
  • How many eggs should I freeze?
    There is no set number of eggs that need to be frozen, as this depends on factors like your age, medical history, and family history. Your doctor will help determine the appropriate number based on your specific situation.
  • Is freezing your eggs painful?
    Some women experience bloating and discomfort during ovarian stimulation, similar to PMS symptoms. The egg retrieval is done under light sedation and is not painful. After the procedure, you might feel some mild discomfort, which can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers.
  • What are the side effects of egg freezing?
    In rare cases (1-5%), ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) can occur during ovarian stimulation, causing swollen ovaries and fluid accumulation in the abdomen. After egg retrieval, you might experience spotting, cramping, and nausea for a few days.
  • Do I need to stop birth control before freezing eggs?
    Yes, since birth control pills or patches prevent ovulation, you'll need to stop using them before starting the egg freezing process. You can resume birth control after egg retrieval. If you have an IUD, it does not need to be removed during the process. For those who have been on the pill or patch for a long time, a one-month "rest" period may be recommended to optimize your response to fertility medications.
  • What is the best age to freeze your eggs?
    The earlier, the better. For instance, if you are considering egg freezing at age 38, it's best to proceed then rather than waiting until you're 40. The same goes for a woman considering it at age 30—your eggs are healthier at 30 than they will be at 32. While there is no specific cutoff age, after age 42, the chances of producing chromosomally normal eggs decrease significantly.
  • Can you tell a good egg from a bad egg?
    Unfortunately, no. The only information we can provide about your eggs is whether they are mature or immature. A mature egg can be fertilized, but this does not guarantee it is of good quality. Egg health cannot be fully assessed until fertilization occurs.
  • Do I need to prepare my body or change my diet before freezing eggs?
    While it's always beneficial to maintain a healthy lifestyle, your egg quality is mostly determined by factors throughout your life. However, smoking is detrimental to egg quality, so quitting as soon as possible is recommended.
  • Are there reasons some women may need to freeze their eggs more than others?
    Yes, certain factors can make egg freezing more important for some women. Sharing your complete medical, surgical, and gynecological history, as well as your family history, with your doctor is crucial. Fertility can often mimic that of close female relatives, so if your mother experienced early menopause, you might as well. Conditions like endometriosis or PCOS also warrant early consultation with a fertility doctor.
  • Will freezing my eggs affect my future fertility?
    No, egg freezing does not harm future fertility. Each month, a group of eggs is selected to potentially mature and be ovulated, while the others naturally die off. Freezing eggs doesn't deplete your overall supply.
  • How do I check my fertility?
    Fertility cannot be definitively assessed except through your ability to conceive. Tests like AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone) and antral follicle count (AFC) can provide information about your egg quantity, but they do not assess egg quality.
  • What does a low AMH mean?
    Low AMH levels can indicate a lower ovarian reserve, meaning fewer eggs remaining. However, this does not necessarily reflect egg quality.
  • How long can sperm remain frozen?
    Sperm can be stored for many years without significant deterioration in quality, with some facilities offering storage options for up to 55 years.
  • Is the sperm freezing process safe?
    Yes, sperm freezing is a safe procedure with minimal risks. It involves non-invasive collection methods and secure storage conditions.
  • Can frozen sperm be used for any fertility treatment?
    Yes, frozen sperm can be utilized in a variety of fertility treatments, including IVF and ICSI, with success rates comparable to fresh sperm.
  • What are the costs involved?
    Costs vary based on the consultation, the freezing process, and the duration of storage. We offer transparent pricing and package options to meet different needs.
  • Why Choose Nicosia Fertility Center?
    At Nicosia Fertility Center, we pride ourselves on offering personalized care, advanced cryopreservation technology, and comprehensive support throughout your fertility journey. Our team of experts is dedicated to providing you with the best possible outcomes and ensuring your future family dreams can be realized. For more information or to schedule a consultation, please contact us.
  • How long can embryos be stored?
    Embryos can be safely stored for many years without diminishing in quality.
  • Is the embryo freezing process safe?
    Yes, using the latest vitrification techniques, embryo freezing is considered very safe.
  • Can frozen embryos be used for multiple pregnancies?
    Yes, depending on the number of embryos frozen, they can be used for future pregnancy attempts.
  • What are the chances of success with frozen embryos?
    Success rates can vary based on individual circumstances, including the quality of the frozen embryos and the age of the woman at the time of egg retrieval.
  • Are there any risks involved with embryo freezing?
    The process is generally low-risk, but as with any medical procedure, there can be minimal risks involved, which your fertility specialist will discuss with you.
  • How will my fertility be impacted by donating eggs?
    Donating eggs typically does not affect your future fertility. Many donors go on to have children of their own after donating.
  • Is counseling available for egg donors?
    Yes, comprehensive counseling is provided to discuss the ethical, legal, and social aspects of egg donation, ensuring donors fully understand the process.
  • What if I decide not to donate my eggs after starting the process?
    Donors have the right to withdraw their consent at any point until the embryos are used, without any financial penalty or negative repercussions.
  • How many times am I allowed to donate my eggs?
    The number of donations is limited by law to ensure that no more than 10 families are created from one donor's eggs, with the final decision made in consultation with your doctor.
  • Is egg donation anonymous?
    Yes, egg donation is anonymous; however, children born as a result of your donation can access your identifying information when they turn 18, as per laws in place since 2005.
  • Can I know if a child is born from my donated eggs?
    Donors can request information about the outcome of their donation, including whether any children were born, their sex, and the year of birth, but not their names or other identifying details.
  • What are the eligibility criteria for egg donors?
    Ideal egg donors are healthy women aged between 21 and 35, with no inheritable medical conditions.
  • Are there any risks associated with egg donation?
    The main risk is related to the ovarian stimulation process and egg retrieval but is generally low. Multiple pregnancies are a potential risk if more than one embryo is transferred.
  • How is the egg donor matched with recipients?
    Donors are matched with recipients based on physical characteristics and blood groups to ensure the highest compatibility.
  • What is Ovulation Induction, and who can benefit from it?
    Ovulation Induction is a treatment designed to stimulate the ovaries to produce one or more eggs, using fertility drugs. It's particularly beneficial for individuals experiencing unexplained infertility, irregular or infrequent menstrual cycles, PCOS or hormonal imbalances, and for couples without identified male factor infertility.
  • Can lifestyle changes improve my chances of conceiving with PCOS?
    Yes, lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise play a crucial role in managing PCOS and enhancing fertility. These changes can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve ovulation. Additionally, losing as little as 10% of body weight can significantly increase the likelihood of conceiving.
  • What diagnostic tests are involved in evaluating endometriosis's impact on fertility?
    Diagnosing endometriosis involves a pelvic exam, pelvic ultrasound and laparoscopy. These tests help assess the presence of endometriosis lesions, scarring or cysts that may affect fertility, allowing for a tailored treatment plan to enhance reproductive success.
  • What treatment options are available for endometriosis-related infertility?
    Treatment may include surgical intervention through laparoscopy to remove endometrial tissue, IVF to bypass the tubal factor infertility, and medications to manage symptoms and potentially enhance fertility indirectly.
  • How is recurrent miscarriage investigated and treated?
    Investigations for recurrent miscarriage may include chromosomal tests, immune system evaluations, and checks for uterine anomalies. Treatments are personalized, ranging from genetic testing of embryos (PGT-A) to surgical correction of anatomical issues, and in some cases, immunotherapy.
  • What are the potential risks associated with Ovulation Induction?
    Main risks include the chance of multiple pregnancies and Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS). Close monitoring during treatment helps manage these risks effectively.
  • How does Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affect fertility?
    PCOS can lead to irregular ovulation or anovulation, making it difficult to conceive. Treatment focuses on inducing ovulation through medications or lifestyle changes to improve ovulatory function.
  • Can I opt for fertility treatments if I have a low ovarian reserve?
    Yes, treatment options depend on individual circumstances, including age and the extent of ovarian reserve depletion. In some cases, using donor eggs may be recommended to increase the chances of conceiving.
  • What role does hysteroscopy play in treating infertility?
    Hysteroscopy allows for direct examination and treatment of the uterine cavity, addressing conditions like polyps or fibroids that could hinder implantation or pregnancy continuation.
  • How is ovulation tracked during fertility treatments?
    Ovulation is closely monitored through blood tests and ultrasound scans during fertility treatments. This monitoring helps determine the optimal timing for natural conception attempts or assisted reproductive techniques like IUI or IVF. For further inquiries or to begin your fertility journey with us, please contact our patient care team. Our dedicated professionals are here to provide the guidance and support you need throughout your path to parenthood.
  • How does using a fertility clinic benefit me over other options?
    Choosing a licensed fertility clinic ensures access to health-screened, legally compliant donor sperm, professional medical oversight, and legal protection for your family's rights. It offers a secure and effective path to conception.
  • Can we ensure sibling continuity through the same sperm donor?
    Yes, planning for future siblings is possible by reserving additional sperm samples from your chosen donor. This foresight allows for familial continuity, subject to the donor's sperm availability.
  • What rights to information do donor-conceived children have?
    From age 18, donor-conceived individuals can access non-identifiable information about their donor and, if desired, obtain identifying information to explore their biological origins further.
  • What legal status does the sperm donor hold?
    Donors have no legal parental rights or obligations. Legal parenthood is established with the intended parent(s), ensuring your family's security and the donor's anonymity where applicable.
  • What ensures the suitability of a sperm donor for my treatment?
    Our donor matching process is thorough and considers both physical characteristics and specific donor traits to align closely with your preferences, ensuring a harmonious match.
  • What happens if an ideal donor isn't available?
    Our team will assist you in sourcing a suitable donor from one of our reputable partner sperm banks, ensuring your treatment is not delayed.
  • How comprehensive is the donor sperm screening process?
    Our screening protocol exceeds industry standards, including infectious disease testing, genetic disorder screening, and fertility assessments, guaranteeing the highest quality sperm for your treatment.
  • How do I select the right donor?
    Our team will assist you in choosing a donor that matches your desired physical characteristics and personal preferences, ensuring a seamless and supportive selection process.
  • What are the success rates of IVF with donor eggs?
    Nicosia Fertility boasts impressive success rates, with our cutting-edge techniques and personalized care contributing to consistently high outcomes.
  • Can I use donor eggs if I'm over a certain age
    IVF with donor eggs is an excellent option for individuals of advanced reproductive age, offering a higher chance of success compared to using one's own eggs.
  • What information will I know about my egg donor?
    While maintaining the anonymity of our donors, we provide detailed profiles that include physical characteristics, personal descriptions, and goodwill messages.
  • Are there options for same-sex male couples or single men?
    Absolutely. Our program supports all paths to parenthood, including providing options for same-sex male couples and single men through the use of donor eggs and surrogacy.
  • How long does the process take?
    The timeline varies depending on the choice between frozen or fresh egg donation, with frozen eggs offering a quicker path to treatment.
  • What is included in the cost of IVF with donor eggs?
    Our transparent pricing covers all aspects of the treatment process, from donor selection to embryo transfer, ensuring no hidden costs.
  • Can I freeze extra embryos for future use?
    Yes, any high-quality embryos not used in your initial cycle can be frozen and stored for future attempts or for expanding your family.
  • What causes male infertility?
    Male infertility often stems from issues with sperm production, mobility, or genetic integrity.
  • How is male infertility diagnosed?
    Diagnosis begins with semen analysis, potentially complemented by genetic tests like the YCM test.
  • What are the treatment options for male infertility?
    Treatments range from lifestyle modifications to surgical interventions and assisted reproductive technologies, depending on the underlying issue.
  • When should I seek fertility assistance?
    If unsuccessful in conceiving naturally over a specified period, it's advisable to consult a fertility specialist.
  • What does semen analysis entail?
    Semen analysis examines sperm count, mobility, and morphology to assess fertility potential.
  • What's involved in a male fertility check-up?
    The check-up includes semen analysis and a consultation to discuss findings and treatment pathways.
  • Can lifestyle changes impact male fertility?
    Yes, diet, exercise, and avoiding harmful substances can positively affect sperm health.
  • Is it possible to improve sperm health?
    Depending on the cause, various treatments and lifestyle adjustments can enhance sperm quality and fertility.
  • Is ICSI safe?
    ICSI is a well-established procedure with a safety profile comparable to that of IVF. While minor risks exist, as with any medical procedure, our specialists are committed to discussing these with you in detail to ensure you are fully informed.
  • Can ICSI help if we have genetic concerns?
    Yes, ICSI can be seamlessly integrated with Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) to screen embryos for specific genetic disorders. This combination provides an invaluable tool for couples with hereditary concerns, aiming for a healthy pregnancy.
  • What are the costs associated with ICSI?
    The costs of ICSI can vary significantly based on individual treatment plans and any additional services required. Our clinic is dedicated to providing transparent pricing and comprehensive assistance in navigating financial options and insurance coverage.
  • How long does the ICSI process take from start to finish?
    From ovarian stimulation to embryo transfer, the entire ICSI process typically spans about two to three weeks, aligning closely with the conventional IVF cycle timeline. This duration can vary depending on the specific protocols tailored to your situation.
  • What are the chances of success with ICSI?
    The success rates for ICSI are comparable to those of conventional IVF treatments and are influenced by a range of factors, including age, fertility issues, and the quality of the eggs and sperm. Our specialists provide personalized assessments to give you an accurate understanding of your success chances.
  • Can frozen sperm be used for ICSI?
    Absolutely. ICSI can be performed with frozen sperm, offering a viable solution for men who have undergone vasectomy, faced other fertility challenges, or wish to preserve their fertility for future use.
  • Is there an increased risk of birth defects with ICSI?
    While studies have indicated a slight increase in the risk of birth defects with ICSI compared to natural conception, it's crucial to note that the absolute risk remains low. We encourage discussions with your fertility specialist to address any concerns and understand the context of these findings.
  • Can older couples benefit from ICSI?
    ICSI can indeed be beneficial for couples of advanced reproductive age. However, it's essential to acknowledge that success rates may decrease with age, particularly in women over 40. Our team offers guidance tailored to your specific circumstances and age-related considerations.
  • What if ICSI doesn't work for us?
    If ICSI doesn’t lead to a successful pregnancy, there are various other fertility treatments and options available. Our dedicated team will work closely with you to explore alternative paths to parenthood, ensuring that you are supported every step of the way.
  • How do we prepare for an ICSI treatment?
    Preparation for ICSI involves comprehensive steps, including fertility testing for both partners, in-depth discussions on the implications of the treatment, and the development of a treatment plan meticulously tailored to meet your specific needs and fertility goals.
  • What preparation is involved for IUI?
    Preparation typically includes fertility drugs to encourage ovulation and may involve lifestyle changes.
  • What does the IUI process entail?
    The IUI process involves monitoring ovulation, preparing the sperm, and the careful placement of sperm into the uterus.
  • What should I expect during IUI?
    The IUI procedure is quick, causing minimal discomfort, and aims to increase the chance of fertilization.
  • What makes IUI a preferred treatment?
    Its less invasive nature and cost-effectiveness make IUI a favored option for many seeking fertility treatment.
  • Are there risks associated with IUI?
    While IUI is generally safe, there's a minor risk of infection and potential for multiple pregnancies when used with fertility drugs.
  • How successful is IUI compared to other treatments?
    Success rates for IUI vary but are generally lower than IVF. It's chosen often for its simplicity and lower cost.
  • What are the costs associated with IUI?
    Costs can vary depending on additional required medication and specific treatment plans.
  • What is IVF and how does it work?
    IVF is a process where an egg is combined with sperm outside the body in a laboratory. The process involves monitoring and stimulating a person's ovulatory process, extracting eggs from the ovaries, and letting sperm fertilize them in a culture dish in a lab.
  • Why should I consider IVF?
    IVF is considered when other fertility treatments have not been successful, or if there's a need to overcome fertility issues such as blocked fallopian tubes, severe male infertility, or genetic disorders.
  • What are success rates for IVF?
    Success rates for IVF vary based on factors like age, cause of infertility, and clinic performing the procedure. Generally, the younger the woman, the higher the success rate.
  • What are the risks and side effects of IVF?
    Risks and side effects can include ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, multiple births, ectopic pregnancy, and the emotional and financial strain of the treatment process.
  • Does age influence fertility treatment?
    Yes, age is a significant factor in fertility treatment outcomes. As women age, egg quality and quantity decline, which can impact the success rates of fertility treatments.
  • Are fertility treatments guaranteed to achieve a pregnancy?
    No fertility treatment can guarantee pregnancy. Success rates vary based on many factors, including age, specific fertility issues, and treatment types.
  • What is ICSI and when is it recommended?
    ICSI is recommended when there are severe problems with the sperm, such as low motility or count, or after previous failed fertilization attempts with conventional IVF.
  • Can we use donor eggs or sperm for our IVF treatment?
    Yes, donor eggs or sperm can be used in IVF treatment if there are issues with a couple's own eggs or sperm, or for single individuals or same-sex couples wishing to conceive.
  • What profile does an egg donor have?
    Egg donors are typically young, healthy women who have undergone thorough medical and psychological screening. They may be anonymous or known to the recipients.
  • When is fertility preservation recommended?
    Fertility preservation is recommended for individuals who plan to delay childbearing or are facing medical treatments that could impact their fertility, such as chemotherapy.
  • How long can the eggs stay frozen?
    Eggs can be safely frozen for many years, though the specific time can vary depending on local regulations and the fertility clinic's policies.
  • Can egg freezing cause problems during the pregnancy?
    There is no evidence to suggest that using frozen eggs increases the risk of problems during pregnancy.
  • What diseases do the North Cyprus law require donors to study?
    Donors in North Cyprus must be screened for infectious diseases such as HIV, hepatitis B and C, syphilis, and genetic conditions common in the Mediterranean region.
  • What is PGD test and when to consider it?
    Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) is considered when there's a known genetic abnormality in the family or for couples with a history of genetic disorders.
  • When is a pregnancy test positive?
    A pregnancy test is typically positive about 10-14 days post-conception, when hCG levels in the body become detectable.
  • What happens if our first IVF cycle is not successful?
    If the first IVF cycle is not successful, you can discuss with your specialist whether to try another cycle or consider alternative treatments.
  • Are ovulation tests accurate?
    Ovulation tests are generally accurate in predicting ovulation but should be used as part of a broader fertility assessment.
  • What are the symptoms of miscarriage?
    Symptoms of a miscarriage can include vaginal bleeding, cramping, and pain in the abdomen or lower back.
  • Which foods can improve my fertility?
    Foods rich in antioxidants, healthy fats, complex carbohydrates, and adequate protein can improve fertility. It’s also important to maintain a balanced diet with sufficient vitamins and minerals.
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