What is Ovarian Torsion?
Ovarian torsion is a rare but serious condition in which the ovary and parts of the fallopian tube twist around the ligaments that support them, potentially cutting off the blood supply to these organs. If blood flow is restricted for too long, the ovarian tissue may die, which can impact fertility.
Causes of Ovarian Torsion
The primary cause of ovarian torsion is the presence of a cyst or mass on the ovary. Over 80% of ovarian torsion cases occur in patients with ovarian masses measuring 5 cm or larger. Women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies are also at a higher risk of developing ovarian torsion.
Approximately 20% of ovarian torsion cases occur during pregnancy, often due to a corpus luteal cyst or loosened surrounding tissues.
Symptoms of Ovarian Torsion
Symptoms of ovarian torsion include:
• Intense lower abdominal or pelvic pain
• Cramping
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Fever
When to Seek Medical Attention
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical attention immediately. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are necessary to untwist the ovary and prevent tissue death.
How is Ovarian Torsion Diagnosed?
Diagnosis of ovarian torsion is based on a combination of symptoms, physical examination, and a transvaginal ultrasound.
Treatment for Ovarian Torsion
The only treatment for ovarian torsion is emergency surgery, aimed at untwisting the ovary to restore blood flow. If the blood supply has been cut off long enough to cause tissue death, removal of the ovary may be necessary. Surgical options include laparoscopy and laparotomy, depending on the severity of the condition.
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