One of the most common causes of male infertility is varicocele, a condition affecting between 10-15% of young men. Let's explore what varicocele is and how it impacts fertility.
What Is Varicocele?
A varicocele is a dilation of the veins that drain the testicle, located in the spermatic cord inside the scrotum. This dilation causes an increase in the temperature of the genital area, negatively impacting sperm production and quality by reducing sperm count. As a result, varicocele can lower male fertility by diminishing the sperm's capacity to function effectively.
What Are the Symptoms?
While varicocele is often associated with testicular pain, it can also present no symptoms. However, common symptoms linked to varicocele include:
A sensation of pain ranging from mild to severe.
Increased pain when standing or during physical exertion.
Pain relief when lying down.
Over time, the varicocele can enlarge and become visible, causing a noticeable lump on a testicle.
How Does Varicocele Impact Fertility?
Varicocele affects fertility in multiple ways:
The venous reflux caused by venous dilation raises the scrotal temperature by 1-2 degrees Celsius, disrupting the proper development of sperm.
Varicocele increases oxidative stress, which reduces the vitality and mobility of sperm and damages their DNA integrity.
The condition may also cause testicular hypoxia (lack of oxygen) and obstruct the deferent ducts, hindering sperm circulation.
Not all varicoceles cause discomfort or fertility issues, which is why it’s essential to consult a specialist for a thorough evaluation and to determine the best treatment, if necessary.
How Can You Increase the Chances of Pregnancy?
At Nicosia Fertility, we offer cutting-edge fertility treatments with high success rates, often addressing male factor issues without needing to directly treat varicocele. However, the decision to pursue varicocele surgery is a personal one, and recovery after surgery typically takes at least 6 months.
Here are some factors to consider when deciding whether to proceed with varicocele surgery:
Normal FSH levels (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
Spermiogram results showing more than 5 million sperm per milliliter, with no major quality issues
Normal testicular size
A partner under 36 years of age with an optimal ovarian reserve
In conclusion, varicocele surgery is recommended when there is clear evidence that it will have a positive impact on fertility treatment. If the prognosis does not show a clear benefit, it may be better to avoid surgery.
If you have concerns about varicocele and its effect on fertility, feel free to contact Nicosia Fertility for expert guidance and personalized care!
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