What Does Embryo Biopsy Involve?

Embryo biopsy is a procedure used during Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) or Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) to gather genetic information from embryos before they are transferred into the uterus. The biopsy helps identify chromosomal abnormalities or hereditary diseases, allowing embryologists to select healthy embryos for implantation.

• The Process of Embryo Biopsy

  1. Embryo Development: The procedure is typically done on embryos that have been created during an assisted reproduction cycle, such as Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). The embryos are monitored from fertilization until they reach a specific stage, either on day 3 or day 5 of development.

  2. Day 3 Biopsy: By the third day of development, the embryo should contain at least 6-8 cells. At this stage, a single cell, called a blastomere, can be extracted for analysis. A small hole is made in the embryo's outer layer, the zona pellucida (ZP), using chemical agents or a laser, and the cell is carefully removed. The embryo remains intact and continues developing.

  3. Day 5 Biopsy (Blastocyst Biopsy): By day 5, the embryo should have reached the blastocyst stage. At this point, 4-5 cells are removed from the trophectoderm, the outer layer of the embryo that will later form the placenta. The inner cell mass, which will become the fetus, remains untouched. The biopsy at this stage is generally considered safer for the embryo’s long-term development.

  4. Analysis and Observation: After the biopsy, the extracted cells are sent to a lab for genetic analysis. Meanwhile, the embryo is carefully monitored in the lab to ensure it continues to develop properly until it is ready for transfer.

     
     

  Precision and Expertise in Biopsy

• Embryo biopsy is a highly delicate procedure that requires precision and expertise. Incorrect handling could potentially harm the embryo or lead to inaccurate genetic results, so it is typically performed by experienced embryologists.

• Embryo biopsy plays a crucial role in PGD and PGT, offering valuable insights into the genetic health of embryos. This information helps fertility specialists and couples make informed decisions and increases the chances of a successful pregnancy with healthy offspring.

• For more information on embryo biopsy and fertility treatment options, contact Nicosia Fertility.